Bridging Cultures: The China-Greece Belt and Road Initiative's Joint Laboratory on Cultural Heritage Conservation
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Published on August 4, 2026
BEIJING and ATHENS, Greece – Since the dawn of human civilization, the preservation of cultural heritage has acted as a key pillar in the identity of nations. This notion was vividly underscored during Chinese President Xi Jinping’s historic visit to Greece in 2019. In a gesture symbolizing the interconnectedness of these two rich cultures, Xi, accompanied by then-Greek President Prokopis Pavlopoulos, visited the iconic Acropolis Museum in Athens. The essence of this visit culminated in a shared vision: both China and Greece, as guardians of extensive historical narratives, could combine their expertise to foster innovation in the field of cultural heritage conservation.
During their visit, a notable demonstration of advanced laser restoration technology captivated both dignitaries. Costas Vasiliadis, a museum staff member and now head of the Conservation Department at the Acropolis Museum, recalls that moment as one of mutual interest. “I showcased laser cleaning techniques on a philosopher’s bust,” he explained, “and what stands out for me is the genuine curiosity that the presidents exhibited toward the practical aspects of conservation.” This encounter set the stage for a significant collaborative initiative that would officially take root just ten months later.
In 2020, the China-Greece Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Cultural Heritage Conservation Technology was established. Leading this endeavor on the Chinese side is the prestigious Palace Museum, while Greece’s participation is spearheaded by the Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser (IESL), part of the Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH). Zhao Guoying, former deputy director of the Palace Museum, recalls the burgeoning relationship with clarity and enthusiasm. “The natural affinity between these ancient civilizations and their collective needs for cultural heritage conservation solidified our partnership,” she noted, reflecting on the inaugural visit to the IESL in 2023, where cultural diplomacy was further emphasized by the ceremonial raising of the Chinese flag in welcome.
The joint laboratory has since blossomed into a vibrant collaboration, establishing comprehensive facilities totaling 650 square meters in China and 100 square meters in Greece. This scientific partnership has created an innovative ecosystem that connects research, equipment development, standardized procedures, and practical applications. Notable advancements include a range of technologies such as laser cleaning, laser holographic speckle interferometry, non-destructive testing, and various digital methodologies, all aimed at safeguarding cultural relics from degradation.
A prime example of the laboratory’s work is the conservation of Lingzhao Xuan, an architectural gem within the Forbidden City, notable for its fusion of Eastern and Western design principles. Duan Hongying, section leader of the Palace Museum’s Material Science Group, underscored the significance of Lingzhao Xuan, viewing it as not merely a historical artifact but as a symbol of contemporary cooperation in the conservation of stone cultural relics. Through the lab’s initiatives, new laser cleaning equipment tailored for on-site use is currently under development, reflecting the commitment to marrying tradition with modernity in conservation practices.
As this collaborative effort deepens, it fosters not only advancements in technology but also mutual respect and understanding between the Chinese and Greek cultures. Paraskevi Pouli, a senior application scientist at the IESL and the Greek lead for the joint laboratory, views this initiative as more than a research project. To her, it represents an invaluable platform for interdisciplinary dialogue—an avenue for civilizations to learn from one another while simultaneously addressing the urgent need for conservation in an era of rapid globalization.
The joint laboratory has expanded its reach, now featuring two working stations in China and extending its collaborative network to an impressive 12 institutions across both nations. Future expansions include partnerships with the UAE on archaeological excavations and plans to establish a workstation in Malta for further research into conservation of local heritage sites.
As Qu Liang, director of the Palace Museum’s Conservation Standard Department and executive deputy director of the joint lab, remarked, “Our goal transcends just benefiting Chinese and Greek partners; we aim to serve as a bridge connecting cultures across China, Europe, and beyond.” The laboratory aspires to be a catalyst for global dialogue on cultural heritage conservation, reinforcing bonds between diverse societies through empathy, knowledge exchange, and innovation.
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